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Equable OriginalOhio teachers’, public safety officers’, and public workers’ pension benefits are entitled to certain protections under state law and affirmed by court rulings. At the same time, the state does have some legal precedent that allows them to change particular aspects of retirement benefits.
In other words, Ohio pension laws allow parts of public pension benefits to be changed by future state laws, but only certain parts of those benefits.
Equable Institute partnered with Columbia Law School’s Center for Public Research and Leadership to create infographics that map states’ pension governance. Understanding the legal environment for pension policies can be confusing for both lawmakers and public workers, but illuminating legally permissible policy pathways to improve funding sustainability and ensure adequate retirement income security for states’ workforces is essential.
Understanding Ohio Pension Laws
In the case of Ohio, state law allows the legislature to decrease cost-of-living adjustments for public workers. In 2017, they did just that, giving authority to modify future COLAs to the State Teachers’ Retirement System board, which then reduced COLAs to 0% for active workers and retirees. Some public workers sued the state to have that part of the law overturned, but the court ruled the plaintiffs lacked standing to bring the suit to court.
The legislature has also increased employee contribution rates, benefit calculations, and increased the retirement age through various legislation.
The legal environment is favorable for these shifts – meaning that state law and legal precedent allows for changes to these aspects of pension policy.
What’s unclear is whether Ohio can shift workers’ vesting periods, because this issue has not been brought to court and there is no existing law explicitly prohibiting the change.
It is important to note that current retirees’ benefits have greater legal protection than those of active employees. Apart from reduced or eliminated COLAs, current retirees’ benefits cannot be taken away or reduced under Ohio pension laws.
Disclaimer: The information here doesn’t constitute legal advice or representation. Equable is not necessarily recommending any of the policies discussed in the infographic. Some may not work for certain states, others may not be desirable policy. Ultimately, any pension policy change should honor promises made to public workers and put them on a path to retirement security, while ensuring sustainable funding measures.
